Design And Construction Of An Automatic Water Level Indicator Using Arduino And Ultrasonic Sensor

ABSTRACT

In an attempt to mitigate problems such as poor water allocation, inefficient use, and lack of adequate and integrated water management, Automatic Water level controller system is designed to monitor liquid level in an overhead tank or any liquid storage system. Generally, this device monitors the water level in the overhead tank and prevents wastage of water.

Water level indicator is widely used in many industries and houses .In this work an arduino and ultrasonic sensor is the basic component for the water level indicator. Ultrasonic sensor indicates the level of water or any other conducting liquid. With the help of an LCD display we can see all the level of the water contained in a tank or in any other vessels. A liquid level sensor detects the present level of the liquid in the tank in terms of the voltage across feeds it to the Arduino and the Arduino generates a corresponding output text which in then displayed in the LCD. If the water level is full, then the circuits beeps through the buzzer notifying that the water level is full.

TABLE OF CONTENT

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION
  • BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

1.2      PROBLEM STATEMENT

1.3      AIM OF THE PROJECT

1.4      PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

1.5      OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

1.6      SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

1.7      ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT

1.8      APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

1.9      PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT

1.10   PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO

2.0      LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1      REVIEW OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF WATER SENSOR

2.2      DESCRIPTION OF ARDUINO

2.3      HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF ARDUINO

2.4      OVERVIEW OF ULTRASONIC SENSOR

2.5      ULTRASONIC DISTANCE SENSOR WORKINGS

2.6         USES ULTRASONIC SENSORS

2.7      TYPES OF ULTRASONIC SENSORS

    CHAPTER THREE

3.0      CONSTRUCTIONS METHODOLOGY

3.1      BLOCK DIAGRAM

3.2      CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

3.3      COMPONENTS LIST

3.4      INSTRUMENT AND TOOLS

3.5      SYSTEM OPERATION

3.6      PROGRAM CODE

3.7      POWER SUPPLY UNIT

3.8      ULTRASONIC SENSOR WORKING

3.9      PRECAUTION ON THE USE OF ULTRASONIC SENSOR

3.10  DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM COMPONENT

CHAPTER FIVE

4.0      RESULT ANALYSIS

4.1      INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLETE DESIGN

4.2      CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING

4.3      CASING AND PACKAGING

4.4      ASSEMBLING OF SECTION

4.5      TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION

4.6      PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED

4.7      COST ANALYSIS

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSION

5.2      RECOMMENDATION

5.3      BIBLIOGRAPHY

 CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                                        INTRODUCTION

1.1                                         BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

Measurement of the height of water in a tank or a big structure such as dam is a major subject of study in engineering. It is not easy to measure the water level in large architectural structures physically. Hence we always have the necessity of a electronic equipment that can measure the water level in a container and show a message informing about the water level in it. Sustainability of available water resource in many reason of the word is now a dominant issue. This problem is quietly related to poor water allocation, inefficient use, and lack of adequate and integrated water management. Water is commonly used for agriculture, industry, and domestic consumption. Therefore, efficient use and water monitoring are potential constraint for home or office water management system. Last few decades several monitoring system integrated with water level detection have become accepted. Measuring water level is an essential task for government and residence perspective. In this way, it would be possible to track the actual implementation of such initiatives with integration of various additional controlling activities. Therefore, water level indicating system implementation makes potential significance in home applications. Such an indicator is used in tanks to indicate the level of liquids and alert us when the tank is full. So by this circuit we can monitor the various levels of the tank and can avoid spillage of water and also we can configure our supplies according to the various levels of tank. Such module or circuit can be installed in big buildings where manual monitor of tanks is difficult and its indicator can be placed at some centralized place. This device is build on a microcontroller – ARDUINO, readings are displayed using a 16×2 LCD and water level limit is notified by a noise of the buzzer. This circuit works on the principle that water conducts electricity.

There are three parts in this project:-

(i) The Sensor Part

It is generally a fixed support inside the tank having some nuts and bolt with wires coming out.

(ii) The Circuit Part                                          

It comprises the brain of the module which is the arduino as shown in the block diagram in chapter three, where in all the various inputs from the sensors are fed. It is the unit from where you will get all the information of how much of water is in the tank.

(iii) The Power Supply 

It is the part where in you will be converting the A/C voltage to a regulated voltage of 5V to the Circuit.

1.2                                                  PROBLEM STATEMENT

This device came to mitigate problems such as poor water allocation, inefficient use, and lack of adequate and integrated water management, Automatic Water level indicator is designed to monitor liquid level in an overhead tank or any liquid storage system. This device helps the user to be aware of the water level in the tank through an ultrasonic sensor.  It provides continuous water level measurement. It is very useful because the user need not worry about the water content during the peak hours of the day. It not only helps in the daily chores but also prevents water wastage. It reduces human labour, saves time and also keeps the user updated regarding the water content.

1.3                                                   AIM OF THE PROJECT

To construct an electronic device that can automatically detect water level and display the level via LCD using arduino ultrasonic sensor.

1.4                                              PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

The main of the project is to display the level of water in the underground or overhead tank.

1.5                                          OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

• To institutionalize social regulations level that govern the allocation, use and management of water for the different purposes.
• To achieve equitable and sustainable access to groundwater to all farmers through sharing of resources and socially regulated demand management of the resource.
• To achieve equitable and secure access to water for drinking, sanitation and domestic needs at affordable costs for all households or company within the project area and project period.
• To control the supply of water.

1.6                                            SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

The water level alarm circuit is a simple mechanism to detect and indicate the level of water in the overhead tank and also in the other containers. Nowadays, all the householders/owners are storing the water in overhead tanks by using the pumps. When the water is stored in the tank, no one can identify the level of water and also, no one can know when the water tank will fill. Hence there is an overflow of water in the tank, thus there is a wastage of energy and water.

1.7                                          ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT

• Suitability: These water level controllers are ideally suited for normal water as well as for ultra low conductivity water with less than 1 micro/moh.
• Easy to Operate: this system come fitted with sensitivity setting which can be provided externally on a dial or with internal settings.
• Settings : It is equipped with technology which works on low or high sensitivity settings on the same machine and thereby saves costs of buying and using two different machines.
• Materials of Construction: this water indicator system is protected the against corrosion.
• Safety: This system is highly insulated, leakage proof and works without creating any noise.
• Save roofs
• Save water
• Save electricity

1.7                                          APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

This device is used in the following:

1. overhead water tanks,
2. swimming pool boilers,

• factories,

1. chemical plants,
2. electrical substations and also in other liquid storage systems.

1.8                                              PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT

The only problem discovered in this work on the probes.  Sensor probes will likely rust at a fast rate, while high mineral content in the water will likely plate to the probes enforcing failure or Causing inaccurate readings.

1.9                                        PROJECT WORK ORGANIZATION

The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:

Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to the study. In this chapter, the background, significance, application, objective, problem of the study were discussed.

Chapter two is on literature review of this study. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.