Design And Implementation Of A Computerized Erosion Control Information System

INTRODUCTION
This project is specifically on erosion control information system

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The soil particles must be detects from the parent soil mass, Agriculture which occupy over two third of the eastern region area and land mass is seriously threatened by accelerates soil erosion which is systematically reducing the land area available for agriculture. Causes, effects and control measures are always way been the confusing part of resolving the erosion problem in the eastern region. Erosion is of different forms the common one along our roads includes, “Gully erosion”
Gully erosion occurs in areas of strong relief or loose sandy soils. It creates deep gorges or gullies which dissect the land surface and hind movement and the cultivation of land. It is an advanced stage of rill erosion where surface channels has been eroded to the point where they cannot be smoothed over by normal tillage operations. Gully erosion is simply defined as the run off concentration in channels greater than rills large channels.
Often, gullies can be prevented if good land conservation measures are practiced on the farm.
The U.S department of Agriculture’s Hand book #667 (AGHBK 667) in the past used “design method for Grass – lined open channel” ECMDS. The channel protection module utilizes calculations from federal highway Administration’s Hydrallic Engineering circular #15 (HEC 15) Tractive force procedure”. The ECMDS which stands for Erosion control material design software, provided computer – assisted selection of material for slop erosion protection and channel source resistance. Without this checks on these types of erosion or a computer-assisted selection material for channel source resistance. The result of the occurrence and expansion of gullies in our roads has posed the following consequences.
(1) The damage of cultivated lands: Mainly farmers relying on proceed from sale of farm products can not achieve and produce agricultural products from damaged lands and the damages the gully is causing on our roads can not be over emphasized. It is in this quest for preventions and erosion control system, that the term “A computerized erosion information stem” become paramount. The system utilizers design procedures from the erosion control Technology council to correct failure. Criteria bases on lining degradation and soil loss.
(2) Accounts for differing vegetation growth habits and densities.
(3) Accounts for differing soil ero dibility factors.
(4) Build a web-base erosion control information system

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The existing system in the ministry of works has been proven to be the major hindrance to effective erosion control. From a business and management perspective, information system are far more than just import-process-output machines operating in a vaccum. The problem of the existing system as observed was lack of computerized processing, in the area of keeping record. Record keeping in the ministry is based on manual systems. It was quite alarming that at this very stage of it revolution I couldn’t observe any computer system readily available to support their services. The knowledge workers was ingnonnt about the usefulness of the computer systems because they are not computer literate. In the existing system frequent misplacement of vital information soften from the site. No quick and timely study poor communication for contract bids as this only done on news paper instead of web-sites and other on-line marketing approach.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
This study became very important when I observed that ministry of works has really lost in the modern system running an organization. Information systems are part of organization. Indeed, for some companies or credit reporting firms, without the system there would be business. The way elements of an organization are composed of different level and specialities. Their structure reveals a cleare – cut division of labour.
owing to the fact that ministry of works is currently running on manual system of record keeping and poor information display of contract bids for erosion problems. I became so interested in the ministry could be revived to meet up with modern day system of organization management. So the essence of the new system is to introduce IT application in the area of erosion control approach.

SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of this project is limited to erosion control information. In order to provide complete channel protection, a turf reinforcement (TRM) must function to provide effective erosion control and turf reinforcement. Through the three phase of a reinforced vegetative channel lining’s development. In phase 1 the TRM must control soil and seed loss immediately after installation to ensure the successful development of a permanent vegetative stand. In phase 2, defined as the period of time from seed germination until a mature stand of vegetation is established, the matting must continue its role by supplementing the erosion protection provided by the vegetation as well as structurally reinforcing the development plants against hish shear stress water flows. Finally phase 3, when the vegetation has become mature the matting must provide stem reinforcement and root zone protection by creating a software like that of North American Green’s Vmas3 composite turf reinforcement mats (C-TRM) [see http://www.nagreen.com].

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
My target in this project is to build a web-based information system that will be supported with vegetation selection modules. The vegetation modules will utilize site specific information such as location, soil type, moisture regime and planned site maintenance to provide a list of adapted grass and legumes with corresponding seeding rates, as well as growth habits (bunch and sod farming) and longevity for each species. The web-based information system will assist designers in selecting vegetation species well adapted to their site’s environmental conditions and erosion control. Also to design a new system that will bring about computerized storage process, and to enlighten the knowledge workers how to implement a computerized erosion control information system.

DEFINITION OF TERMS
Erosion: This is the overland flow resulting from rain splash and through flow of surface flow. The soil particles must be detached from the parent soil mass, transported and then the disposition of the detached material. The level of detaching capacity depends on the erosive agents. The degree of occurrence varies considerably from one part of the field to another and it is a major environmental problem, so if not controlled can have negative effect on the environment.
Gully Erosion: This is another type of erosion, which is common in areas of strong relief or loose sandy soils. It creates deep gorges or sullies which dissect the land surface and hinders movement and cultivation of the land. It is an advanced stage of rill erosion where surface channels have been eroded to the point where they cannot be smoothed over by normal till age operations.
ECMDS: ECMDS stands for “Erosion Control Material Design Software”. It is the software from which the concept of the new system is drawn. It is used North America. ECMDS provides computer – assisted selection of material for slop erosion protection and channel source resistance. It is a necessity for every engineer, designer or contractor who must comply with today’s strict erosion and sediment control resultations.
Vegetation: This a popular control measure to soil in Nigeria. It tends to protect the soil surface from rain drop inpact, reduce the amount of water available for runoff by consuming it and by improving infiltration capacity (by increasing surface roughness) decreases the velocity of runoff.
Grass Lined Open Channels: This a system design method that provides accurate channel hydrallic and stability analysis of lining material such as vegetation, and riprap.
Tractive Force Prodedure: This a calculation that using a modul for channel protection.
Web-based Information Systm: As the name implies world wide web-base information system. The web is a part of the internet that contains linked text, image, sound and videos, documents. Abbrivated “www”. Information system can be defined technically as a set of interrelated components that collect (or retrieve), process, store, and distributed informations to support decision making and control in an organization. Thus web-based information system could simply be defined as a set of interrelated components that collect, process, store and distribute information to support decision making and control in an organization using the internet supplications.
Modules: A distinct and identifiable unit of computer program for such puposes as compiling, loading, and linkage edition.
Existing system: This is the current manual system in ministry of works that is currently under study.
New System: This is the conceptual system that is currently under design and implementation to replace old manual system.
ECTC: This stands for Erosion Control Technology Council: This body is responsible for seting standard test methods and definition rolled erosion control products (software).
Recognizance survey: This a first hand work of erosion affected area without going to carry out any practical survey.
Working Drawing: This an Architectural sketch of how to correct erosion problem.
Survey Plan: This guide in steps that describe how to embark on survey of erosion site.
Bill of Quantity: This is the summary of carrying out the erosion control.