Effect Of Employees Attitude To Work On Productivity
(A Case Study Of Enugu Electricity Distribution Company, Owerri, Imo State)
The impact of employees’ attitudes towards work on productivity is profound and multifaceted. An employee’s attitude encompasses their feelings, beliefs, and behaviors towards their job, colleagues, and the organization. Positive attitudes, such as enthusiasm, dedication, and a strong work ethic, often correlate with higher levels of productivity. When employees are motivated, engaged, and committed to their work, they are more likely to invest time and effort into their tasks, leading to increased output and efficiency. Conversely, negative attitudes, like apathy, dissatisfaction, or disengagement, can significantly hamper productivity levels. These attitudes may manifest in absenteeism, procrastination, or poor quality of work, all of which can impede overall organizational performance. Therefore, fostering a positive work environment, promoting employee satisfaction, and addressing any issues that may contribute to negative attitudes are crucial strategies for enhancing productivity within an organization.
An organization whose workers attitude to work is negative or contrary to the company goals and objectives is bound to hero less competitive advantages over competitors. Employees are the bedrock of every organization so even when an organization injects new technology into its system in a bid to enhance workers welfare, positive result will not be achieved. Recently, the Nigeria attitude to work has deteriorated and thus the level of productivity in all spheres of the economy has suffered greatly. The study will try to uncover the reasons for this negative attitude to work of Nigeria workers. It aims to see whether this negative attitude is as a result of remunerations, motivation staff, recruitment and placement leadership style of the organization or whether. It is as a result of the workers inherent laziness and assurance for work. Finally, effort will be made to proffer solution on this negative attitude to work thereby helping to ameliorate this problem. The researcher has chosen Enugu Electricity Distribution Company of Nigeria as a case study. This is so because the laziness of the public sector of the Nigeria economy.
Title Page i
Approval Page ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgments iv
Abstract v
Table of Contents vi
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction 1
1.1 Background of the study 1
1.2 Statement of the problem 3
1.3 Objectives of the study 4
1.4 Research questions 4
1.5 Significance of the study 5
1.6 Scope of the study 6
1.7 Limitations of the study 6
1.8 Definition of terms 7
1.9 Brief history of EEDC Owerri 8
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review 11
2.1 Introduction 11
2.2 Why do people work? 12
2.3 The relevance of motivation and leadership 15
2.4 Employee attitude to work in Nigeria 18
2.5 Attributes to the negative attitude 20
2.6 Understanding organizational behavior 22
2.7 Researcher’s position
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Research methodology 30
3.1 Introduction 30
3.2 Research design 30
3.3 Population of the study 31
3.4 Sample size and sampling techniques 31
3.5 Research instrument 32
3.6 Validity and reliability of measuring instrument 32
3.7 Research procedures 33
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Data presentation and analysis 34
4.1 Introduction 34
4.2 Data presentation 34
4.3 Data analysis 36
4.4 Test of hypothesis 38
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Summary of findings, Conclusion and
Recommendations 42
5.1 Introduction 42
5.2 Summary of findings 42
5.3 Conclusion 43
5.4 Recommendations 44
5.5 Suggestions for further studies 44
Bibliography 46
Appendices 47-49
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
It is now a common phenomenon in many Nigeria organizations to see some workers sleeping on their tables in the office of indulging in gossips in an outside their office when there are cheap of works in the office left on done.
There is a common saying among workers that “governments work is not anybody work”. This attitude to work of most Nigeria works is common in most of the federal government and it is very bad.
Establishment such as Nigeria telecommunications, Nigeria Air Port Authority, Enugu Electricity Distribution Company (EEDC) which will form the basis for the research work. The commitment of Nigeria workers to their work has drastically declined in the recent years compared to their attitude to work years ago. This time people refused to work for their pay, instead they work for their slowly so as not to finish this work on time in an effort to do over time and receive more pay. Even when they work it is always done with less concern, without minding about the quality of their output and the profitability of the business concerned, some of these workers go as far as collecting wages and salaries from companies where they did not work which means reaping where one did not sown.
This situation is what is been referred as “ghost worker” this attitude of workers is such that they have set up a cooperation objectives the workers go as far as concerning and discounting people matter illegally in an attempt to collect money from the affected consumers unto their own pocket rather than the firms. Some workers settle company’s equipment individual in an attempt to make more money. Some of them issues forge electricity bills to their clients so as to collect the money when payment is made. Also, efforts would be made to find remedy to this attitude of workers to their individual work.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
It is true that a satisfactory find output of work is as a result of the quality and quantity of work input by the staff will undoubtedly produce a bad work. The attitude of Nigerians to their work has gone a long way in affecting the quality of their work. One may therefore be asked what reason could be responsible for this poor attitude to work.
This project is designed to give answer to this question and consequently after explanation give facts related to the attitude to work of Nigerians it should find answers to what it meant by:
• People structure, technology and work environment as factors of organizational behavior.
• Organizational theory human relations and behavior.
• Perception and personality attitude motivation and leadership as they affected organizational productivity.
• Determination of what make an employee perform.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose of the research Nigeria works attitude to work and its effect on productivity are:
• To uncover the reasons for the negative attitude to work of Nigeria workers.
• Is to obtain those factors that determine how people behave or will behave under conditions.
• To reveal those factors that prevents him in doing his best.
• To study is to unveil those workers behavior that affects productivity in any establishments mostly in government organization.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
• What are the reasons behind positive and negative attitude to work?
• Why do people work?
• What efforts does attitude to work on productivity?
• Does motivation and leadership have anything to do with attitude?
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
• One major importance of this project is to define and analyze the concept of attitude and its effects on the organization as a whole.
• It also aims at obtaining those factors underlying behaviours, factors that determine how people behave under certain conditions. And to reveal those factors that prevent him from doing his best.
• Another importance of this study is to unveil those workers behavior that affects productivity in any organization especially government establishments.
• This study would be most advantageous to the heads of organizations and employees in general.
• The study is beneficial for the practical fulfillment of the award of National Diploma (ND) in Business Administration and Management.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
For the purpose of this research work, the study will be limited to appraising the attitude to work of the Nigeria workers with particular reference of the (Enugu Electricity Distribution Company).
The study will be limited to uncovering the reasons for negative attitude in the corporation the importance of motivation and leadership towards attitude. It also help employees to select and place workers will be appraised as well as finding solution to these negative attitude and way of increasing productivity at the Enugu Electricity Distribution Company (EEDC).
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Motivation: According to Charles Ray and Charles Elson (1984) see motivation as an interval energizes capable of directing behavior in a particular reactions.
Productivity: In economics, it is a term used to describe how well or how efficient any economy’s resources are used in the process of production. The extents to which a given economy reached its full potential and the extent to which is expand that potential depend in part on this productivity.
Attitude: The way that you think and feel about something somebody, the way that you behave towards somebody or something that shows how you think and feel.
Employee: A person who is paid to work for somebody.
Ghost Workers: It is a worker who did not perform any duty but collect wages and salaries from company whose he/she belongs to.
1.8 BRIEF HISTORY OF THE STUDY (EEDC)
Enugu Electricity Distribution Company (EEDC) formerly the National Electric Power Authority (NEPA) was organization governing the use of electricity in Nigeria and it is owned, run and managed by the federal government of Nigeria. Presently, the government has divided the current EEDC distribution sector into separate companies or entities that will be called local Electric Distribution Companies (LDC) among the regions. As of April 2014, there are eleven distribution companies.
Abuja Distribution Company
Benin Distribution Company
Eko Distribution Company
Enugu Distribution Company
Ibadan Distribution Company
Ikeja Distribution Company
Jos Distribution Company
Kaduna Distribution Company
Kano Distribution Company
Port Harcourt Distribution Company
Yola Distribution Company
Effect Of Employees Attitude To Work On Productivity:
An employee’s attitude towards work can have a significant impact on productivity in the workplace. Positive attitudes can boost productivity, while negative attitudes can hinder it. Here are some ways in which an employee’s attitude can affect productivity:
- Motivation: Employees with a positive attitude are generally more motivated to perform well. They take pride in their work, set higher goals, and are more likely to go the extra mile to accomplish tasks efficiently. Conversely, employees with a negative attitude may lack motivation, leading to lower productivity.
- Job Satisfaction: Employees with a positive attitude are often more satisfied with their jobs. When employees enjoy their work and feel valued, they are more likely to be engaged and productive. Negative attitudes, on the other hand, can lead to dissatisfaction and decreased productivity.
- Teamwork: Attitudes can influence how well employees collaborate with their colleagues. Positive attitudes foster better teamwork and communication, which can enhance productivity through effective problem-solving and idea-sharing. Negative attitudes can create conflicts and disrupt teamwork, reducing productivity.
- Absenteeism: Employees with negative attitudes may be more likely to call in sick or take excessive time off. This absenteeism can disrupt workflow and reduce overall productivity as other team members must cover for their absence.
- Quality of Work: A positive attitude often results in a higher quality of work. Employees who take pride in what they do are more likely to pay attention to detail and produce error-free work. Conversely, negative attitudes can lead to mistakes, rework, and decreased quality.
- Innovation and Creativity: Positive attitudes can stimulate creativity and innovation. Employees who feel positive about their work environment are more likely to come up with new ideas and solutions to problems. Negative attitudes can stifle creativity and hinder the development of innovative solutions.
- Customer Satisfaction: In customer-facing roles, employee attitudes directly impact customer satisfaction. Positive attitudes can lead to better customer service, which can, in turn, result in increased customer loyalty and repeat business. Negative attitudes can drive customers away and harm the company’s reputation.
- Time Management: Employees with positive attitudes tend to manage their time more efficiently. They are proactive and focused on their tasks, which can lead to increased productivity. Negative attitudes may lead to procrastination and time-wasting.
- Workplace Culture: An employee’s attitude can influence the overall workplace culture. A positive attitude can contribute to a positive and productive work environment, while negative attitudes can create a toxic culture that demotivates employees and hinders productivity.
- Leadership: Employees often look to their leaders for cues on attitude. Positive and supportive leadership can encourage positive attitudes among employees, while negative leadership can contribute to negative attitudes and decreased productivity.
In summary, an employee’s attitude towards work can have a profound impact on productivity, job satisfaction, and the overall success of an organization. Employers should recognize the importance of fostering a positive work culture, promoting employee engagement, and addressing issues related to negative attitudes to maximize productivity and employee well-being.