Design And Construction Of An Automatic Temperature Controlled Fan Speed Using Thermistor

ABSTRACT

An automatic temperature controlled fan speed is designed with microcontroller is quite useful for conference halls, auditoriums, cinema halls, and other commercial organizations where many people gathered together, and lot of fans are required at these places. Depending up on the weather condition, organizers of the above places are supposed to be control each and every fan, otherwise lot of energy will be wasted. Controlling each and every fan manually is highly impossible; there by this project work is taken up, which controls the fan automatically depending upon the temperature. Here for the demonstration purpose single fan is considered, but in practical all the fans can be connected to this single instrument, so that all the fans rotates equally.

The basic concept of this project work is, depending upon the room temperature to control the fan speed automatically using thermister as the temperature sensor

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWELDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

1.0      INTRODUCTION

1.1      BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

• PROBLEM STATEMENT
• OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
• PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
• SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
• APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
• PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

• HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
• REVIEW OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF FANS
• REVIEW OF AN ELECTRIC MOTOR
• REVIEW OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF TEMPERATURE CONTROLLERS AND THEIR WORKING PRINCIPLE
• DEFINITION OF TEMPERATURE SENSOR
• TYPES OF TEMPERATURE SENSORS

CHAPTER THREE

SYSTEM DESIGN

• SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
• SYSTEM BLOCK DESCRIPTION
• SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
• SYSTEM OPERATION
• LIST OF COMPONENTS USED
• WORKING PRINCIPLE
• POWER SUPPLY UNIT

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0      TEST AND RESULT ANALYSIS

• CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
• CASING AND PACKAGING
• ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
• TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
• INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLETED DESIGN
• PROBLEM ENCOUNTERED

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSION
• RECOMMENDATION
• REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION

1.1                                           BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The main purpose of this Temperature Controller is to control the temperature of any device like fan or any other electronic devices whose temperature keeps fluctuating and thus requires a constant watch on the device. The use of this system eliminates constant watching on the device by self controlling the temperature of the system.

This work consists of digital temperature sensors for more accurate temperature control in various industries. This system overcomes the disadvantages of thermostat/analog systems in terms of accuracy. This system can be used in any firm or organization where it is very important to maintain precise temperatures. LED display is used to display the temperature and when the temperature exceeds the set limit.

The system detects temperature and switches the load when it goes beyond set limits.

1.2                                         BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

Nowadays, the fan is widely used especially in warm countries including Nigeria. Usually the conventional fan is always cooling the room depending on the fixed regulator setting and is not automatically adjusted for the comfort of the users. In the fan control field, excellent real-time, high reliability, and good intelligence are proposed by many researchers. The traditional PID algorithm is, in fact, still playing a main role in the control process. The air conditioning system has becoming a field to be researched to improve the user convenience by applying intelligent system such as THERMISTOR.

While the enhanced fan is being designed, the consideration of the type of control system must be included in a modeling design. In particular the controller must be able to avoid the inefficiency of having the fan operate all the time. Several control options were considered at presence sensing circuit, which would turn the fan off when people are not in the room with the fan and a temperature sensor input, which would change the fan operation depending on room temperature [1]. Based on the observation of the using the present conventional fan application, it always working all the time without a systematic control. Therefore, the control of the fan is adjusted through a feedback control system to monitor and maintain a constant temperature based on the data input from the sensor.

1.3                            OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

The objectives of this project are:

1. To control the speed of a fan according the set room temperature.
2. To design a controller using temperature sensor.
3. To analyses the performance of the

The problem happens when the fan is still functioning although in the event of cold weather. The function is uncontrolled and must be manually turned on and off. Sometimes it can lead to high usage of electricity which in turn raises the electricity bill when the user forgot to switch it off. The system also does not have the capacity to adjust the room temperature regardless of the ambient temperature. To address the problem, the automatic room temperature control that can control the temperature automatically is proposed.

1.5                              PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

The main purpose of this Temperature Controller is to control the temperature of any device like fan or any other electronic devices whose temperature keeps fluctuating and thus requires a constant watch on the device.

1.6                                  SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

Below are the scopes of the project:

1. The controller used is thermistor
2. Inside and outside room temperature are used in the controller

• The analysis controller performance in terms of automatic temperature control based on the speed of compressor of air conditioning

1.7                                          APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

This device can be used for temperature control electrical appliances such as:

1. Air conditioner
2. Refrigerator

• Fan,

1. furnace etc.
2. homes
3. industries

• Cooling fans for laptops and computers.
• This device is used for cooling the car engine.
  • SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

1. The advantages of such a system are less energy usage, and provides more convenient to the consumers.
2. Easy to handle and economical

• Fan starts automatically, so it can control the temperature manually.

1. Automatic switching will save the energy.
2. For cooling heat dissipating devices, installation is easy.

1.9                                         METHODOLOGY

To achieve the aim and objectives of this work, the following are the steps involved:

1. Study of the previous work on the project so as to improve it efficiency.
2. Draw a block diagram.

• Test for continuity of components and devices,

1. Design and calculation for the device was carried out.
2. Studying of various component used in circuit.
3. Construction of the circuit was carried out.

• Finally, the whole device was cased and final test was carried out.

1.10                                      PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION

The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:

Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to this study. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of this work was discussed.

Chapter two is on literature review of the study. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.

Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.

Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.

Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.