Design And Construction Of A Digital Batch Counter

ABSTRACT

All garages are built with a capacity which determines the number of cars it can contain at any point in time. This number of cars is counted by garage officials which takes too much of times and energy to do so. In other to solve this problem, a digital batch counter was designed. This Project ―” digital batch counter” is a reliable circuit that takes over the task of counting number of cars entering the garage very accurately. When car enters into the garage then the counter is incremented and when car leaves the garage then the counter is decremented. The total number of cars inside the garage is also displayed on the seven segment displays. The microcontroller does the above job. It receives the signals from the sensors, and this signal is operated under the control of software which is stored in ROM. Microcontroller AT89S52 continuously monitor the Infrared Receivers. When any object pass through the IR Receiver’s then the IR Rays falling on the receivers are obstructed. This obstruction is sensed by the Microcontroller.

TABLE OF CONTENT

COVER PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION
• PROJECT OVERVIEW
• AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
• JUSTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT
• THE SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
• APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
• SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
• PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1      OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT

2.2      DESCRIPTION OF IMPORTANT MODULE OF THE BLOCK

2.3      POWER SUPPLY UNIT

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

3.1      SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM

3.2      SYSTEM OPERATION

3.3      SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

3.4      LIST OF COMPONENTS USED

3.5      CODE EXPLANATION

CHAPTER FOUR

TESTING AND RESULTS ANALYSIS

• CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING ANALYSIS
• CASING AND PACKAGING
• ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
• INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLETED DESIGN
• TESTING AND RESULTS
• TESTING AND RESULTS

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1 CONCLUSION

5.2      RECOMMENDATION

5.3      REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

1.1                                          INTRODUCTION

The digital batch counter is an electronic that handles the counting and controls the number of cars entering the garage and display the output on LCD display. The technique involved in the design is a simple sensor unit that senses when cars obstruct the light path. These parameters can be used to determine when cars have moved in or out of the garage. The light sensing type involves monitoring the unit with photon or optical devices; this consists of the encoder (transmission path or the source of energy) and the decoder (receiver unit that converts the light intensity to electrical signal). An LED emitter, combined with a photo detector (Light Dependent Resistor, photo transistor or infrared sensing diode) in proximity, form a very useful object called opto-coupler or opto-isolator. When the opto coupler is obstructed, the door opens and the display shows an increase or decrease of cars (depending on the path followed). This project report creates a greater picture of the digital batch counter.

1.1                                                    PROJECT OVERVIEW

This Project is a reliable circuit that takes over the task of counting number of car in the garage very accurately. When car enters into the garage then the counter is counted by the interference of the circuit. The total number of persons inside the room is also displayed on the LCD displays. The microcontroller does the above job. It receives the signals from the sensors, and this signal is operated under the control of software which is stored in ROM. Microcontroller AT89S52 continuously monitor the Infrared Receivers, When any object pass through the IR Receiver’s then the IR Rays falling on the receiver are obstructed , this obstruction is sensed by the Microcontroller.

1.2                   AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

The aim of this project is to demonstrate a smart device that counts the number of cars entering the garage; and prevents car from entering once the garage has reached its capacity.

1.3                         JUSTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT

The need for counting the number of car inside the garage is for statistical record, which will help the garage management take a proper account of cars; and as well, control the garage capacity from being over populated.

1.4                             THE SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

This project covers the features of the capacity monitor, the hardware description, the use of transistor, LCD and microcontroller, how the system works and its applications.

1.5                           APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

This device has applications such as for Batch Control, Rate Indication and Tantalization processes. This device offers users an up or down tantalizer

1.6                                                 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

This work composes of two sensors. If the sensor 1 is interrupted first then the microcontroller will look for the sensor 2, and if it is interrupted then the microcontroller will increment the count and switch on the relay, if it is first time interrupted.  If the sensor 2 is interrupted first then the microcontroller will look for the sensor 1, and if it is interrupted then the microcontroller will decrement the count.  When the last car leaves the garage then counter goes to 0 and that time the relay will turn off.

1.7                                PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION

The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:

Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to this study. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of the study were discussed.

Chapter two is on literature review of the study. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.

Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.

Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.

Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.