Effectiveness Of Physical Distribution Of Charis Sachets Water

INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Production is uncompleted until the good get to the final consumer for when they are meant. A typical firm will deliver or discover that the consumers for its product are settled aboard.
The firm decision to distributed its products directly through own sales outlets or indirectly through marketing intermediaries (such as wholesale and retailers alone is not enough to get the goods to the consumers. The firm has to ensure that the product are actually available or make available to the distribution outlets.
Adequate core has to be taken of the product minimize losses or damages, and commensurate consumer service have to be given in order to achieve customers satisfaction and increase patronage.
In order management of the floor of product from manufacture to consumers with aim to achieve consumer satisfaction and goal of the firm, physical distribution must be properly channeled to the respect. The increase emphasized given to the concept of the 1950”s is a practical example of its immense contribution to the successful achievement of marketing goals. Physical distribution is just how companies store, handle more good so that they will be available to consumers at the right time and place.
Consumers attraction and satisfaction are highly influence by the seller physical distribution capabilities. As such the issues of physical distribution is important in business endeavour. An effective physical distribution, which result to a reduction in cost of physical distribution will lead to a reduction in production cost or product price, which will invariably head to the attraction of many price conscious consumers.
In Nigeria and as will as most other nations, industries are localized or concentrated on few industries cities as layout while the consumer or their products are scattered aboard.
Efficient transportation and location of sales outlet will enable industries to make their products available to consumer living very far efficient transportation and physical can give a company advantage in being close to his consumer.
For example, vita malt drinks product by Associated Breweries ltd in Ogun state of Nigeria Company favorably with other malt drinks in virtually all ports of the country as a result of the efficient planning and coordination of physical distribution activities which make goods available at the right place and time or where and when they are needed.
Exports believe that substantial saving can be gain. In the physical distribution area which had been describe as “the last frontier for cost economics” (journal of marketing April 1962:15)
Physical distribution in the satchel industries should be intensive they should stock their products in as outlets are possible the goals most have place utility. Crgrette for example, since over one million outlets to maximized brand exposure and convenience.
Physical distribution should be intensive because consumer are not prepared to spend time and money searching for such product, as such efficient distribution of the product is very important to gain marketing goal and to compete efficient and effectively too.

1.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE COMPANY
Charis satchet water industry is one or the leading name on satchet water industry in Enugu metropolis. The company is located in heart of the commercial city of Enugu J.E Collince Company was so established over a decades with improved capacity physical distribution of their products,
The company has so many distribution outlets and target geographical area. The J.E collirce the makers of charis satchet water was among the target sales satchet water in the industry in Enugu.
The profitability and success of the company can be clearly traced as they are heavily patronized in the competitive business.
The company is located in the heart of Enugu metropolis (River Asata Layout}. The company have a brand name Charis water which the production site is in N03 Midland Avenue Asata River Layout Enugu.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Physical distribution is a very important aspect of distribution activity as it created place and time utility and set the stage for possession and title utility. All gained towards customers satisfaction. Based on this therefore, there is need for a careful handling of the physical distribution functions for a successful operation of sachet water industries.
However, for Nigeria sachet water industries physical distribution system to beat least near perfection. It must rate highly in its care activities such as transportation, warehouse, inventory, management, and others.
Processing also have the ability to organize these price of activities properly and implement them efficiently and effectively, at time the salesman are not efficient in carrying out their physical distribution activities.
More so, the salesmen retributively raise the cost of each buy of satchet water sold to intermediary, market thus reducing their margin some times the degree of the who sales margin after the final customers. IN some cases, the customers do not get enough of the products at the right time and in right quality.
In the case of chairs satchet water industry they don’t have enough for their product. Nevertheless for them to compete effectively and efficiently in the other satchel water company’s thy need to have enough outlets for their products.
IN most cases the salesman direct some products already allocated to the company’s more so, the distribution of chairs sachet products have a direct relationship with sales turnover it enjoys. A negative response to any of these points will indicate that there is deviation from what should normally obtain. The desire to find out if any of fish problems exist their cause effect and what may be done to resolve such problems are the reasons for undertaking This research work..

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
In consonance with the macro objective to determine the effectiveness of physical distribution of chairs product in Enugu metropolis this research has some objective which includes;
To study the physical distribution activities of CHARIS sachet water in Enugu and try to find out if these activities are well performed as expected.
Analyzing the present physical distribution system with the aims to accessing its level of efficiency is another point.
To determine the nature of the market; if it diffused, concentrated or dusted.
To also determines the extent to which the distribution of CHARIS dates with the sale being made.

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
It is important to study the effectiveness distribution companies cannot make sale. The old buying in marketing was, that when you produce the product the whole world will bit a part to your door. In the modern time, it does not apply because the place utilizing must be incorporated. This means that in addition to producing the best product, the customer want it delivered at a given time, place and form and such it the function of physical distribution.
Non- durable products such as CHARIS satchet water have to be supplied as at when needed. Any shortfall in performance will reduce the level of customer service.
This it become important to study the physical distribution system and benefit from this effective they are and uncover and defects inherent within and system and then recommend measures to reduce or eliminate these defects.
Further more, it is expected that findings of this study will help the management and distributions of this company in improving their business activities. Customers will also benefit from this efficient physical distribution in that CHARIS product which will be made more readily available to them at all time.

1.5 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
There is the problem of lack of time. The work is very elabrate. Yet we have very limited time to accomplish it and with other tight schedules. However, because of the importance of the subject matte; we are able to carry out a justifiable work from where dependable generalizations could be made again, there was the problem of financial constrain of the nations economic crunch.
The high cost of transportation to this company under study was also hindrance in the sense that most time the researcher had to repeat his visit twice or thrice a week before getting the information required. Also the consideration.
1.6 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The research question for this work will be base on the size of demand for CHARIS waters. Are customers satisfied with the present level of physical distribution service of Charis.
Does Charis has enough distribution outlet to satisfy the customers. What is the distribution objectives of Charis. What presentation of market is Charis serving? What is the type of channel structure used by charis. Is it from the produce, to the customers or with the use of intermediates? Does the distribution strategy questionnaire regular and fulfil the issue of time lines is it effectives in terms of cost and distribution objectives.

1.7 STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS
This work is based on the following hypothesis;
1. Ho; Charis water has very wide demand in Enugu metropolis
Hi; Charis water does not have wide demand in Enugu metropolis
2. Ho; Charis water are distributed to every point where they are needed at the right time and quantity.
Hi; Charis water are not distributed to every point where they are needed at the right time and quantity.
3. Ho; customers are satisfied with the present level of physical distribution services they receive.
Hi; customers are not satisfied with the present level of physical distribution services they receive.

1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
TRANSPORTATION; Is the movement of goods from the point of production to the point of sale.
STORING; Is the marketing function of holding goods. It provides time utility
INVENTORY; Is the amount of goods being stored.
PHYSICAL DISTRIBUTION; The transportation and sorting of the goods.
WAREHOUSING; Is a place for load and unloading of products both in the central stores and the depoted of Charis water
COMMUNICATION; It is the process by which information is passed by a previously accepted symbol.
CONTACT; The searching out and communication with prospective buyers.