Design And Construction Of A Remote Programmable Traffic Lighting System

ABSTRACT

The increase in the number of vehicles has led to Traffic congestion. During the busy hours of a day, the traffic is at its peak and there are various problems related to traffic congestion. One such problem is fuel consumption. An average of 90 minutes is spent daily by a vehicle in congested traffic. For the emergency conditions such as ambulance, fire engines to pass through, and the congestion poses a hindrance. To recover for the lost time spent in congestion people tend to hurry and disperse the congestion, causing accidents. So many roads witness one accident every day. To overcome these problems, a system has to be designed which can alert for congestion at the same time control congestion. “remote programmable traffics lightening using programmed PIC PIC16F877A microcontroller, infrared and GSM” does the needful and thus helps in reducing the traffic congestion.

CHAPTER ONE

1.1                                                        INTRODUCTION

For today’s transportation professionals, traffic management, safety and security initiatives are an increasing priority. State and local agencies are searching for solutions to improve mobility, efficiency and safety of their operations for the driving public. Current transport facility is suffering with many issues.  Accident risk management Traffic rule violation control Traffic signal management.

Remote programable traffic light Using PIC16F877A microcontroller, IR sensors and GSM module” project automatically alerts the traffic congestion condition. It can be implemented in the lanes and junctions which carry heavy traffic. Sensors are placed on roads to monitor the traffic condition. In each junction a transmitter and receiver will be present along with a LCD screen for display of message. When congestion is reported an interrupt is sent to the controller and the corresponding alert, LANE BUSY message is sent to the neighboring junctions. The GSM modem (SIM 300) is used for transmitting and receiving messages on GSM network. The alert message is received on the surrounding junctions using GSM modem (SIM 300). This message will be displayed on the respective LCD screen. Thus the rider is alerted for the congestion condition beforehand. This facilitates the rider in taking an alternate congestion free route, avoiding being stuck in the traffic jam (congestion). After the particular lane clears, the LANE CLEAR message is also displayed. This helps in diverting the traffic and hence reducing congestion

GSM TECHNOLOGY is used effectively for this design. GSM modem is a device that modulates an analog carrier signal to encode digital information and demodulates the signal to decode the transmitted information. The goal is to produce a signal that can be transmitted easily and decoded to reproduce the original digital data.  Modems can be used with any means of transmitting analog signals, from light emitting diodes to radio

1.2                                             OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

The objective of this work is control traffic on our road wirelessly using GSM technology, programmed PIC16F877A microcontroller, and IR sensors. IR sensors are placed on the lanes for monitoring traffic which send a command to the programmed microcontroller to control the traffic.

1.3                                              PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

The main purpose of this project is to:

1. Replace the old system of controlling traffic light where the traffic personnel have to mount on the road to monitor and control traffic.
2. install traffic light without using or running wiring from the mains supply or the controller to the road

1.4                                         SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

1. Energy Saving without compromising visual comfort.
2. Wireless monitoring & controlling through cheapest and most reliable GSM Technology

• Remote data logging of power parameters at switching on and off time of street light. All operating parameters can be updated through centralized Computer.

1. Remote alarming system gives alarms when fault occurs at remote site.
2. For GSM, Licensing & cabling not required.
3. Easily Expandable.  Remote equipment testing facility

• Centralized Computer can monitor up to 999 units.
• Instrument has four mode of Protection.

1. Can be updated remotely.
2. Emergency ON / OFF from Control Room.

1.5                                         APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT

1. Street Lights of main roads of Town, City or town ship.
2. Industrial Lighting

• Plant Lighting

1. Premises of large complexes
2. Society / colony internal lightings

1.6                                              PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT

1. Fortnightly Time setting required
2. Exposed to dust affect the performance

• Battery required to be replaced.

1. Low resolution – 12 minutes
2. Dust, clouds & birds affect the performance – leads to mal functioning of product periodically sensor required to be cleaned.

1.7                                        PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION

The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:

Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to this study. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of this work was discussed.

Chapter two is on literature review of a variable dc motor drive. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.

Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.

Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.

Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.